Garry Wills has caused a dust-up with this op-ed from the L.A. Times.
I agree with Wills that abortion is not a religious issue. In fact, it’s no more a religious issue than murder is. This, I believe, is the single greatest mistake made by most people in the pro-life movement: They make abortion a religious issue. They quote Scripture, they pray rosaries outside abortion clinics, etc. So no wonder pro-choicers perceive that pro-lifers are attempting to “impose their religious beliefs on everyone else.”
That, however, is where my agreement with Wills ends.
“If one claimed, in the manner of Albert Schweitzer, that all life deserved moral respect, then plants have rights, and it might turn out that we would have little if anything to eat.”
There is no contradiction in respecting something while consuming it at the same time. The only contradiction would be if we asserted that plants have equal dignity as human beings.
“Opponents of abortion will say that they are defending only human life. It is certainly true that the fetus is human life. But so is the semen before it fertilizes; so is the ovum before it is fertilized.”
Here Wills commits the common mistake of failing to recognize the substantial change that takes place during fertilization. A zygote is a different substance than a sperm or egg; if it were the same as any other cell in the body, we’d be able to take any cell, put it in a woman’s womb, and nine months later a baby would be born.
“Nature is like fertilization clinics — it produces more embryos than are actually used. Are all the millions of embryos that fail to be embedded human persons?”
Yes. Unfortunately, they meet an early death.
“Whether through serendipity or through some sort of causal connection, it now seems that the onset of a functioning central nervous system with a functioning cerebral cortex and the onset of viability occur around the same time — the end of the second trimester, a time by which 99% of all abortions have already occurred.”
Wills is suggesting that a functioning nervous system or viability (or both) are what makes a fetus worthy of legal protection. But he fails to show why either quality is the distinguishing feature between that which should be protected and that which should not.
Furthermore, if either quality makes a fetus worthy of protection, then he would be obligated to oppose any abortion after that point. But in fact:
“The woman is the one closest to the decision. Under Roe vs. Wade, no woman is forced to have an abortion. But those who have decided to have one are able to.”
No distinction is made here between pre- and post-viability abortions. Wills does not call for a ban on abortions after viability, even though he intimated that position earlier in his essay.
So while Wills is right that abortion is not a religious issue, it does not follow that the pro-choice position is more reasonable than the pro-life one. Pro-lifers would do well to realize this also.